Down the Staircase through the Gates of Scorn Nixons Impeachment

Major historic events are quite hard to evaluate as exactly positive or negative, mainly because there are extremely many people involved, some of them benefitting, some of them taking considerable losses. However, it goes without saying that some of the historic events are incredibly confusing and leaving an entire nation or even the whole world at a loss of words.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Down the Staircase through the Gates of Scorn: Nixon’s Impeachment specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Such is the infamous President Nixon’s impeachment, sadly known as the Watergate scandal. Tracking the course of events that led to a turn in Nixon’s presidential career, one can rethink the event and possibly decide whether the Watergate scandal is as scandalous as it is believed to. No matter how weird that can sound, one of the first steps towards Nixon’s impeachment was made by Nixon himsel f, and this step was the president’s foreign policy. Although Richard Nixon did manage to establish cooperation with China and the Soviet Union, the issues with the Latin America and the losses taken in the Vietnam War did have their impact on the United States economy, causing people’s discontent. In addition, the home policy that Nixon used to address the above-mentioned issues was not welcomed with open arms – the Nixon shock was quite an unfortunate experience for the USA. To top it all, the oil embargo of OAPEC made the economical prospects even gloomier and became the straw that broke the camel’s back. However, the economical and financial crises were only the settings for the final act of Nixon’s career as a president. The third step that brought Nixon’s retreat closer was the secret operation carried out in the White House and bearing the name of the White House Plumbers. At first believed to be an attempt at burglary, the break-in i nto the White House turned out a cover-up for setting wire-tapping equipment in the premises, which raised a tremendous scandal and triggered further investigations. Since the people nicknamed as â€Å"plumbers† belonged to Nixon’s administration, the president was supposed to be considered the primary suspect – and he was. However, it was not only the fate to blame for Nixon’s impeachment – the way the president reacted to the fact that the entire nation mistrusted him could hardly be seen as adequate. After his attempts to make Cox, the special prosecutor, to dismiss Attorney General Richardson and William Ruckelshaus, Richardson’s deputy, the notorious Saturday Night Massacre took place, which led to another surge of distrust towards the president.Advertising Looking for essay on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More At first it might seem that Nixon was to blame for what had hap pened. On a second thought, however, one must remember that there has never been the evidence that could prove completely Nixon’s involvement into the Watergate case. In addition, it is important to remember that the mass media played incredibly important role in the case, shaping the nation’s opinion about the Watergate scandal. Therefore, it can be concluded that the Watergate scandal was quite a painful yet necessary step in the USA political and social development. A stage in the progress of the country, it provided a lesson to learn and a peculiar study on the world of politics and the way it works. Despite the fact that the accusations that Nixon had to face seem quite legit, the evidence used as the main proof of the quote-unquote fraud is still quite questionable and the reasons that Nixon provided for his self-defense seem rather logical. Making people think of responsibility rather than the politics, this is one of those events that people never speak of and yet never forget. This essay on Down the Staircase through the Gates of Scorn: Nixon’s Impeachment was written and submitted by user Ph1ll1p to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Assessing Organizational Culture Essay Example

Assessing Organizational Culture Essay Example Assessing Organizational Culture Paper Assessing Organizational Culture Paper Assessing Organizational Culture When thinking of culture, my mind tends to wander toward far off places only seen on television or on the internet. Culture represents an exotic and sometimes untouchable part of the world that each individual claims depending on their background, ethnicity, race, or family history. When applying culture to the workplace, however, the idea of culture applies, not only to individual persons, but to the way in which we react to one another, perceive one another, and communicate with one another. The culture of an organization is embedded in and expressed by patterns nd habits of communication. (Cheney, Christensen, Zorn, Jr. , Ganesh 2011) This paper will explain what it means to have culture within organizations as well as the presence of climate and socialization. Organizations adopt habits that work well with its requirements as an organization as well as those who have built the culture of the organization. For example, if the long-standing CEO has created a casual and relaxed atmosphere, others within the organization will adopt the same habits in order to fit the model the CEO is building. We deal with the meanings of things within our ultural system. Staying within a culture creates a certain amount of stability and predictability. Culture in the workplace can be explained easily by the differences in our co-workers and how to adapt to these differences. Differences may originate in family background religion, age, education, occupation, wealth, status, lifestyle, interests, etc. (Cheney, Christensen, Zorn, Jr. , Ganesh 2011) I will focus on the culture of age for a moment. Recently, I started a new position with a new organization. This position offered everything I was looking for; better pay, excellent benefits, proper se of my skills, and opportunity for advancement. Shortly after orientation, I began meeting those I would be working with. I noticed very quickly that all of my co- workers are from an older generation and I am the minority. In some cases it is fun to have conversations with them regarding our age differences and for them to Jokingly say, What year were you born? I graduated high school that year, my word you are young! , but this can also mean they do not take me as seriously as a protessional. But one time they become a physician. infirmary nurse. surgical technician. etc. they take on a new life and thereby absorb a new civilization into their lives. Subcultures. as defined by organisational theoreticians John new wave Maanen and Stephen Barley. are a subset of an organization’s members who interact on a regular basis with one another. place themselves as a distinguishable group†¦and routinely take action on the footing of corporate apprehensions unique to the group ( Cheney. 2011. 78-79 ) The organisational civilization in a infirmary is based on the premiss that the infirmary is at that place to supply a topographic point for the attention and healing of the ill or injured. Organizational theoretician Mary Jo Hatch puts Forth that there are five ( 5 ) Degrees of Cultural Integration and Differentiation ( Cheney. 77 ) identified as follows: Unitary. Diverse ( Integrated ) . Diverse ( Differentiated ) . Diverse ( Fragmented ) and Disorganized ( Multi-cephalous ) ( Hatch. 1997. 210 ) . A infirmary in its purest signifier would be good represented as a Unitary civilization because the staff as a whole all have the same values or beliefs. But single staff or even medical units may fall into any of the other civilizations identified every bit good. A peculiar unit. i. e. cardiac telemetry floor. may be a Diverse ( Fragmented ) unit due to a group of nurses who do non see their critical undertaking demands in the same manner and as a consequence the degree of patient infections or deceases rises. doing unrest among the staff. supervisors. patient households and ensuing in legal branchings thereby break uping the staff’s solidarity. Social psychologist Edgar Schein formulated a theoretical theoretical account that shows an organization’s civilization is built on three degrees: artefacts. values and norms. and premises and beliefs. Artifacts are normally the most common and seeable mark of a specific civilization. Schein puts Forth that things such as nursing uniforms. nomenclature. surgical protocols and more. really and accurately stand for the basic facets of organization’s civilization. The values and norms facet of his theory. while non ever seeable. can be seen through behaviour of the person or group ; it reveals what is of import to the group and how they treat each other within their organisation. Each facet of the profession may hold an operating process or environment nique to that country of specialisation. but still have the same values and norms for their actions. In a surgical room. sterilisation of the environment is much more of import than it would be in a patient’s room on a medical/surgical floor. but they still have the same belief in maintaining an unfastened lesion every bit clean as possible. While values in the medical profession make non change as a whole. values do specify accepted behaviour and action. Genuine premises and beliefs are nurtured by a individuals or organisations values and norms. Valuess vary merely somewhat in the assorted medical professions and installations. Depending on the medical forte country. operational norms and methods may differ harmonizing to developing precedences. equipment and environment unique to that forte. For case. the hospital in-patient lesion attention squad may hold the same desire to handle a patient’s lesions as a place wellness nursing squad. but the methods of intervention or medicines used may be different. Differences begin to come up when a patient is sent place on a negative force per unit area lesion therapy system. i. e. a lesion V. A. C.  ® . that aids in the healing of lesions via suction ( hypertext transfer protocol: //www. kci1. com/KCI1/vactherapy ) . Many place wellness nurses does non cognize how to properly alter the intricate dressing or to the full understand this equipment or the detrimental consequences that can happen if non changed decently. Faulty premises are hence made based on the beliefs of the place wellness nurse of what should be done for the patient. When that happens. jobs arise in this peculiar scenario that could ensue in the patient being brought back to the infirmary for a farther period of hospitalization due to a dislocation of their lesions or even the creative activity of new lesions as a consequence of improper V. A. C.  ® arrangement. The paramount civilization of the medical field is based on the Physician’s Creed of First. make no harm ( writer uncertain but it is based on the Hippocratic Oath which states to abstain from making harm ) . This belief echoes throughout the medical field all over the universe. And while there are single exclusions or exclusions in countries such as carnal research for the improvement of world or the ethical issue of abortion. the credo has gone unchanged since the clip of the ancient Greeks and before. Schein’s three ( 3 ) degrees of artefacts. values and norms. and premises and beliefs. are apparent in every clinical scene. With farther geographic expedition. Hatch’s five ( 5 ) Degrees of Cultural Integration and Differentiation will besides be found. albeit non everyone will be seen on every infirmary floor or unit. Medical installations are a kaleidoscope or a microcosm of many subcultures under the roof of the chief civilization of being a topographic point for the attention and healing of the ill or injured. Without that organisational civilization giving counsel to all of the subcultures involved in this human-centered calling field. the decease rate for minor hurts and diseases would intensify exponentially.

LEGAL FORMALITIES Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

LEGAL FORMALITIES - Research Paper Example ent rules and policies, laws, licensing process, business structure, required documents, taxation, accounting system, intellectual property rights and labor laws. Given below is the brief account of all legal formalities which will be fulfilled by HealthPoint in UAE. Although most of the sections of Company law are similar for all companies operating in UAE however, Government of Abu Dhabi and other regions of UAE has established their own support forums to guide new investors. As we are planning to launch our company in Abu Dhabi therefore, information on all legal activities has been collected for Abu Dhabi. The companies which are involved in viable business activities in Abu Dhabi are required to follow trade licenses Law No. (5) Of 1998. This law deals with the issuance of licenses for the business planning to operate in Abu Dhabi. In addition, as the partners of HealthPoint will be foreign therefore, they also have to consider Law No. (7) Of 1998 (Abu Dhabi Government, 2010). According to this law, HealthPoint will have to get registered with Abu Dhabi Chamber of Commerce and Industry and after obtaining the membership the perquisite to obtain the license will be fulfilled. The Government of Abu Dhabi has defined the competent authorities which are involved in issuing licenses to various kinds of businesses in Abu Dhabi. For HealthPoint the license will be issued by Commercial Licenses Authority. HealthPoint will also follow all the rules and regulations defined for the companies operating in Food Industry such as Food safety laws etc. In addition, the other legal requirements for o pening a business have been discussed in the coming sections. HealthPoint will be a General Partnership Contract between the three partners. According to Federal Law No (8) and Article (23), a general partnership can be established by two or more partners and the partners are liable to all debts of the company (Abu Dhabi Chamber of Commerce and Industry, 2010). The complete

Thomas Paine Research Proposal Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Thomas Paine - Research Proposal Example In July 1761, he returned to his native town of Thetford to work as a supernumerary officer for a bit more than one year. After that Paine moved to Lincolnshire and became an exciseman. His service continued until August 1765, when he was fired for "claiming to have inspected goods he did not inspect" (Conway, 1892). In 1767 Paine became a schoolteacher in London, but that occupation was also rather short: the next year he again took the position of exciseman Lewes, East Sussex. His service lasted for the next six years during which Paine serviced as exciseman and simultaneously managed a small tobacco shop. In 1771 he married Elizabeth Ollive and for the first time involved in the political issues: he joined the Society of Twelve, a local group of thinkers that periodically met to politics of the local authorities. In the beginning of 1774, Paine was again fired from his service and his tobacco shop collapsed so that he had to sell his household possessions to rid himself of debts. The second marriage was also childless and not happy. In 1774 he legally divorced Elizabeth Ollive and moved to London where he got acquainted with Benjamin Franklin, and in October same year upon receiving the letter of recommendation from Franklin who administered emigration to colonial America at that time, Thomas Paine traveled to Philadelphia (Ayer, 1990). The travel was very difficult and Paine barely survived it: it took him 6 weeks to fully recover. After recovery, he settled in Philadelphia, changed his birth name to 'Paine', and began to work as a journalist for the Pennsylvania Magazine (Conway, 1892). Strong eloquent style of Paine's articles and pamphlets immediately earned him a reputation of radical uncompromising fighter for the natural rights of man and freedom. On January 10, 1776, one Paine's most famous pamphlets known Common Sense was published. Some historians believe that the pamphlet became arguably the most essential piece of writing that had strong social and political influence on those day's developments that eventually led up to independence (Larkin, 2005). In particularly, Paine stated that: "Society in every state is a blessing, but Government, even in its best state, is but a necessary evil; in its worst state an intolerable one: for when we suffer, or are exposed to the same miseries by a Government, which we might expect in a country without Government, our calamity is heightened by reflecting that we furnish the means by which we suffer. Government, like dress, is the badge of lost innocence; the palaces of kings are built upon the ruins of the bowers of paradise" (Paine, 1776). Such very sharp and radical stance was the distinct feature of Paine's writing. Thus, he dismissed the King as a fool (labeled King George III as "the Royal Brute of Great Britain" (Jensen, 1968, p. 668) claiming that heredity is not always and not necessarily related with natural ability, that Britain used the colonies solely for obtaining profits treating the colonists in unacceptable fashion. Paine also urged the colonies to unite as quickly as possible to effectively protect their rights and believed that the only possible way to do so was to become fully independent: "Until an independence is declared, the continent will feel itself like a man who continues

HSBC Risk Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

HSBC Risk Management - Essay Example The problem is that profit, the measure of reward, requires, as a minimum, a pencil, the back of an envelope, and some degree of skill in arithmetic calculations. HSBC is the world's largest banking group operating on the global scale. HSBC is considered the 4th largest financial institution of the world with $2,348.98 billion of assets. Also, HSBC is the largest bank with market value of $180.81 billion and the most profitable bank with $19.13 billion2. For this financial group, risk management is crucial to forecast and predict possible market changes and economic fluctuations. Similar to HSBC, MNCs face financial problems and need risk management techniques to avoid profit loss and sustain market growth. For both types of corporations, the first principle of sound financial systems is to lend money only to those who do not need the money. This may sound contradictory to the intent of banking, but it is not. Banking is a business where the banker takes the savings of a number of individuals and lends the money to others. Those whose savings are being redirected to others as loans do not know, or care, that this is happening3. All they care about is the timely payment of interest and the right to withdraw money at one hundred cents on every dollar. Bankers are lenders not of personal or bank funds, but the funds of depositors. Bankers are, in effect, borrowers. HSBC Bankers borrow money from depositors and pay them interest. They take the money and lend it out to others at a higher rate of interest. What bankers expect from borrowers is what depositors expect from bankers. Depositors, borrowers, and bankers function in a system where repayment is in terms of one hundred cents for every dollar deposited or borrowed. Depositors expect one hundred cents on every dollar that bankers have borrowed from them4. For bankers to honor their obligations to depositors, bankers must expect one hundred cents returned on every dollar that they have lent to borrowers. From the bankers' perspective, a deposit is a liability on the books because they "owe" this to depositors at the time when depositors desire to withdraw money. A loan t o a borrower is an asset from the perspective of a banker because its interest represents income and its repayment represents cash flow into the bank. To maintain a balance between assets and liabilities, a dollar's worth of assets and a dollar's worth of liabilities must be in terms of one hundred cents on the dollar5. "What If" analysis is part of risk management for HSBC and MNCs. "What If" analysis consists of looking not only at the most likely, from which one derives a measure of reward, but also certain unlikely cases where the events of business life do not follow the most likely script. The measure of reward diminishes with respect to the measure of reward for the most likely case. At some point, the measure of reward becomes the measure of risk. A measure of risk is a low degree of reward that is insufficient either to meet expenses or to provide a minimum return on investment. Risk, in a business environment, can be looked upon as an unsatisfactory level of reward where t he wisdom of proceeding with the project must be questioned6. In viewing loan applications or proposals, bankers focus on the prospects of repayment. This is because loans are made when it is perceived that the borrower does not need the money. In other words, loans are made wh

The Difficulties Which International Students Face

The Difficulties Which International Students Face Introduction: This article is about the difficulties which international students face, especially for Asian students, including thinking styles, learning attitudes and writing and presenting styles. In spite of its publication date, it is still helpful for us to understand the international students` situation abroad. In the text, the authors argue all the issues are rooted in traditional culture. In general, the authors` arguments are reasonable, but to some specific cases their views are no longer suitable. The reasons involve the development of education within the approximate twenty years and their limitations of visual views. In this paper, evaluations about every main idea are presented. About the situations which the authors` ideas are not suitable, some suggestions are indicated. As for the applicable arguments, more evidences are provided to back up. Background: In this day and age, quite a few of Asian students go abroad to study. However, there are some typical difficulties they must overcome because of their innate tendency. In Ballard and Clanchy`s research, the innate tendency totally stem from oriental tradition, which is a typical viewpoint in the past. Some subsequent research taken by David Kember and Lyn Gow indicates that the issues result from the curriculum and teaching environment [1]. With the development of the education system in Asian countries, the issues seem to be fade away during recent years. Asian international students become more and more familiar to western culture, and they can cope with the assignment from their lecturer more smoothly. This makes investigations in past time become unsuitable, so some updating surveys are necessary to cover new situations. Summary: The title of the article is â€Å"Cultural Variation: Difficulties for Student Studying Abroad†. It is from a book named â€Å"Study Abroad: A Manual for Asian Students† written by Ballard and Clanchy (1984). In this article, the authors argue three main difficulties that Asian international students face in their studying process. Further, the authors suggest Asian students adjusting their studying style for successful study abroad. The first main idea in the text is about variations of thinking styles. As the authors say, different thinking and learning purposes lead to different results, which stem from varying cultures. A particular example of a Japanese student who adjusted his purpose and adapted his essay structure to meet his lecturer`s requirement is utilized to support the main point. The variation in learning attitudes is argued as the second main idea. In the authors` opinion, different educational traditions create different learning attitudes. Then different learning approaches, including reproductive, analytical and speculative, are presented in particular education levels, although they are not separated totally. The authors quote three Asian students` words and describe an Indonesian postgraduate`s situation to back up their main idea. The other main idea concerns differences in writing and presenting styles. Five distinct writing patterns, including English, Romance, Russian, Semitic and Oriental patterns, are described in the text (Kaplan 66: 1-20). As indicated, a typical example of a Thailand student whose thesis was crossed out by his Australian supervisor suggests that different writing styles differ widely. As the authors` suggestions, a more analytical and critical learning approach is expected for Asian international students to succeed in their study. Critique (general): Generally speaking, the three main difficulties pointed out in this article are reasonable. Although this article was published in 1984, the problems still exist in current international students. The influence stemming from traditional culture is significant, which cannot be eliminated within about twenty years. The thinking and writing styles which are trained during their studying process imperceptibly, still influence international students. Something different, however, has happened in these twenty years. Internationalization has been an unstoppable tendency, for which relationships between countries has become more and more closed. In the trend, education internationalization is a representative one. Compared with the situation in 1984, much more students go abroad to study, especially for students from developing countries. With the number of international students increasing, abroad studying is no longer mysterious or unattainable. Most students who are ready to go abroad can get much useful information from internet and relevant agents. As the result of this, students are relative familiar to the education environment abroad. Additionally, they usually can get experiential knowledge from forthgoers. Thus, they are able to adjust themselves to the expectations of foreigner universities more easily, In addition, a series of language tests and record examinations are developed to ensure that students who are admitted b y foreign universities can survive in another country. Critique (specific): As the statement above, the main ideas argued in this article is still reasonable at present, however, the situation has changed. So to a certain extent, the descriptions in the text are no longer suitable. As the authors` assertion, the variations in thinking styles stemming from traditional cultures, made the Japanese student fail in his first year. Considering the source of variations, it must be true, but this example should be an extreme one. Normally, the thinking style of oriental students is implicative. They always make effort to avoid evaluating topics directly. When they are considering a topic, they usually think over the influence of background firstly. With the introductions of western educational culture, however, most students are likely to compare the views and evaluate the topic, although they may describe the background at first. In Chinese secondary school, many assignments are to conclude the main ideas of prepared texts and evaluate these main ideas from your own viewpoint. Through training like this students obtain the capability to assess the relative merits. So the description as the text presented, only may happen in extreme case. With the increasing of the fam iliarity to western thinking pattern, the similar extreme case should be less likely to happen. About the different learning strategies mentioned in this article, the authors claim that it is needed to develop a more analytical and critical learning style for many Asian students. It should be a believable recommendation at that moment. However, in today`s school, not only universities or colleges, but also secondary schools, it is paid attention to analysis ability. Basically, the teachers and lecturers encourage students to ask questions and think more deeply. In this way, students are required not only to remember the knowledge points, but also to understand how the process is going. In addition, many universities in China establish funds to support undergraduates to take experiments. Then, students who want to do some research in particular fields are encouraged to apply them. In this way, students` speculative capabilities are cultivated. Furthermore, according to relevant research, there is no significant difference between Australian and Asian students [2]. As reported, A sian students are not rote learners. In other words, the reproductive learning strategy is not directed towards Asian students. Then, for Australian students, the best way to learn is also to remember and understand by heart. For these reasons, the authors` assertions about these three learning approaches are not in accordance with facts and suitable to the development of education. Concerning writing styles, the authors cite Robert Kaplan`s theory to explain the varying writing styles successfully. For oriental writers, explaining the issue directly is a blunt way which lacks of ideations. In their views, a better way to express their ideas is to describe the background and the influence factors as implications. The end results should be obtained by readers themselves. As the authors suggest, this indirect writing approach is not suitable to academic thesis in Australian universities. In western scholars` views, the â€Å"relevant descriptions† are not relevant at all. It is a real difference between western and eastern writing skills, while it is unnecessary to discuss which one is more advanced. Expect from the variations between different cultures, the differences between each academic discipline are also mentioned in the text. In this day and age, more and more interdisciplines are developed, for which flexible writing styles are required. Additional ly, as a relatively objective writing style, science and engineering articles should be paid more attention to attract readers. Conclusions: In this paper, in connection with every main point mentioned in the original article, evaluations are provided. Generally speaking, the authors` main ideas are still applicable at present stage, although in this article there are some details should be changed to suit modern education. When the authors are comparing with Asian students` works and Australian lectures` expectations, extreme examples are cited. This is the biggest weakness, because it ignores the general status. Implications of this article are that student who study abroad should learn how to adjust himself to the requirement. References: David Kember, Lyn Gow: A Challenge to Anecdotal Stereotype of the Asian Student, 1991. F. Sushila Niles: Cultural Differences in Learning Motivation and Learning Strategies: A Comparison of Overseas and Australian Students at an Australian University, 1995.

Doing Business Abroad Essay

Companies around the world are expanding in order to meet a larger market. However, this is no easy task even for people who have been doing business for decades for there is always this thing called cultural diversity. This thing is put into consideration not only of companies and managers that establish businesses in other countries but also of those who engage into joint ventures and alliances. Setting a company globally requires not only good managers but thorough study as well. A market research would be very helpful especially to determine the needs and wants of the people in the locality. A bunch of factors affect the preference of people like religion, beliefs and environment. Should the product be modified to fit the desires of the people? For instance, burgers with beef patty are modified in order to be accepted and sold in Hindu-dominated countries. There are also cross-cultural trainings for managers that would be sent abroad. These are usually conducted by business schools with the aim of providing global managers who have the ability to cope with different challenges that they may encounter, especially those that are brought about by diversity in culture. However, as much as these trainings would help, they are not yet enough to suffice for the thorough understanding and settlement of cultural differences that might yield success to a business that spread its wings. Problems still remain due to this cultural diversity. Even with the repute of English in conducting business globally, language remains a problem. Language, as defined in the Merriam Webster Dictionary, is words with their pronunciation and the methods of combining them to be used and understood by a community. Words are not enough. Pronunciation and accent are essential, and at this part is where problem usually occurs. As Edward Burman cited in his article entitled Managing Cultural Diversity in a Global World, linguistic confidence can be perceived as quasi-colonial arrogance and this may eventually lead to conflicts. Similarly, jokes and stories which are essential in building harmonious relationship among workers are affected, not just because of the way they were delivered but more importantly by the context that they were formulated. Some humorous acts might be insulting to others, which again might lead to discord. Another problem that may arise due to cultural diversity is the way the human resource personnel determines the appropriate candidate for a job. Whether be it an expatriate or a native of the location of the headquarter, the measure to the achievements of an applicant varies from the school where he acquired his degree and skill to the society where he belong. These qualities may not be well-reflected in his application forms or the result of his examination or interview. Although it may be known to the resource manager that different cultures respond differently to various situations, the challenge is still to determine the best person whose culture and skill perfectly fits the job. Also, developing the trust with people from other culture opens another difficulty especially if a company will merge or ally with a local company of other country. Research can be done to be able to identify possible reasons to trust but it remains a thorny job for the managers in the negotiation table. Everything will matter, from the physical appearance to the gestures. Aside from these problems cited by Edward Burman, the way to designate a manager to a place is something to be thoroughly thought of. According to an interview with Robert J. Freeman, Americans are a bit resistant to exotic destinations. The question then is how these Americans would be assigned to a location beyond his desire. Or since there are expatriates of more than sixty nationalities, which should be chosen and what type of compromise would the company give to convince the manager. Nevertheless, these problems can be addressed if global managers have several skills as discussed by Josephine Song in her article Transcending Borders. The first is technical skills. Aside from the field that he is expected to master in order to efficiently perform his task, he must also be able to utilize the means that globalization brings for the betterment of doing things. He must be able to maximize opportunities and resources that might be useful for the accomplishment of his job. Likewise, he must also have good communication skills which comprise not only of knowledge of words but their proper pronunciation and usage as well, most especially English which is the basic medium for conducting business globally. Communication is not only via speaking, but also via reading, writing or listening. More importantly, global managers must take caution in their words and actions so that misunderstandings would be avoided. They must also be innovative and resourceful to improve their businesses according to the locality. With increase in expatriates all over the globe, I think it would be unfair to say that they or the locals could better cope with the changes. They might have an advantage with regards to having dealt with different cultures already that they might not find it anymore difficult to relate with another set of people. Their presence in the top management could also bring global perspective. But, their knowledge of the culture of the country where the company is located might be very limited as compared to the locals. Yes, they may be able to learn and adapt but still, the culture instilled in them would always be a part of them and their decisions and reservations. I think, it would be better to have a mix of expatriate and local managers in a global business for as Burman concluded, management remains culture-bound, be it local or expatriate.

Nursing Philosophy Essay

Abstract Philosophy is a system of beliefs, it is often looked at as an effort to define nursing situations that is observed to exist or happen and serves as the basis for later theoretical formulations. Florence Nightingale the first nurse theorist, philosophy states that nursing is establishing and environment that allows persons to recover from illness. Nursing has four metaparadigms the client, the environment, health and nursing. Metaparadigms are theoretical works in nursing focused on articulating relationships among the four major concepts: nursing, environment, client, and health. My Nursing Philosophy My philosophy on nursing is not something that I think about everyday. Recently, being introduced to the many theorist and metaparadigms, it is something that I cannot help but think about. According to Chou and Lee (2007) â€Å"philosophy reflects belief and present ideas. It is the embodiment of faith which represents someone, him/herself, his or her values and essence. It is often reflected in ways of thinking and behaving† (p.127). Philosophies are statements of enduring values and beliefs held by a discipline. Metaparadigm comes from greek words: meta which means with, paradigm which means pattern. Metaparadigms have a few distinct characteristics; they are very general, most abstract level of knowledge and are global concepts of a profession. It is very pertinent that one understands the philosophies and metaparadigms, in able to understand the basic concepts and beliefs of nursing theorist. I grew up knowing that my career would be in the health field. I decided to become a nurse about two years ago, I’ve been through a lot to get to this point. Before recently I wanted to become a doctor for all the wrong reasons. For example one idea that really pushed my dream to become a doctor was the pay. I figured making that much money I would not have a worry in the world I thought that money could fix anything. I now know with time, money is not what makes you happy, it is doing what you love that makes you happy. Nursing is my home away from home. I have never felt so comfortable doing something. Yes, I am still learning, but it is the best learning experience I have experienced by far. There are many reasons why I will become a nurse, I will become a nurse because everyday as a nurse is anything but routine, you never know what the day could bring. My job is to brighten the next persons day, while maintaining their overall state of well-being and promoting healthy lifestyles just to name a few. Here’s some insight on my nursing philosophy. I believe that the individual never stands alone, but is embodied with multiple strengths. An individual should always be open to new idea, or anything that could improve their present condition. An individual is also entitled to knowledge, representation, beliefs, and freedom. Pamela Weintraub (2012) states that â€Å"individuality specifically means, among other things, soothing your own bad feelings without the help of another, pursuing your own goals, and standing on your own two feet† (p.82). Theorist Hildegard Peplau believed that an individual or person is a developing organism that lives in an unstable environment. The environment consist of everything that the surrounds the individual, I believe that the environment has conditions that can only be adapted to, there are many different conditions and communities changes the evolve everyday, in the environment. Florence Nightingale believed that â€Å"Through ensuing generations, environmental conditions have improved and science has provided effective treatment pathways† (Crane & Selanders,2012, p.23). This is very much still evident today. Without an environment the individual cannot exist because the environment, enhances our lives for better or for worse through existence. The environment contains something that all living things require to be categorized as living and that is the exchange of what I like to call the primary gases carbon dioxide and oxygen. I believe that health has stagnation, depth and understanding â€Å"traditionally health was defined in terms of the presence or the absences of disease. Florence Nightingale defined health as a state of being well and using every power the individual possesses to the fullest extent†(Berman & Synder,2012, p.299). The nursing metaparadigm for health states â€Å"health is the degree of wellness or illness that client is experiencing, continuum of wellness to terminal illness† (Berman & Synder,2012, p.299). Personally when I think of health I think of illness and wellness. In the society of the twenty-first century there’s either healthy or unhealthy. Wellness is what many refer to as a healthy being, on the other hand many consider illness as unhealthy. I do believe with the help of the environment that the body can be nurtured back to health. Illness relates to health in that, illness is the sometimes present flip side of what many consider to be healthy. Many believe that age is companied by illness but, illness is never a normal state of existence. Illness is sometimes an unfortunate component of health. According to Berman & Synder (2012) nursing metaparadigm states that â€Å"nursing is the attributes, characteristics, and actions of the nurse providing care on behalf of, or in conjunction with the client† (p.41). Nursing exist to care for, to teach, to love and to understand that everyone must be looked at in a holistic view. I believe that everyone has a higher power that they look too for strength. For me that higher power is Jesus Christ and I will look for my strength to come from him while here living up to the standards of being a well-rounded nurse and throughout all the days of my life. However Vicki D. Lachman (2012) states that â€Å"when a person chooses to become a nurse he or she has made a moral commitment to care for all patients. Such a decision to care is not taken lightly, as it reflects this statement in the Code of Ethics for Nursing: the nurse respects the worth, dignity and rights of all human beings irrespective of the nature of the health problem† (p.113). Nursing is not for everyone, there are special qualities that nurses possess that allow only a handful to become great nurses. I agree with Lachman all these things should be seen in the average nurse. I also believe that the nursing practice is individualized, just as patient care should be individualized. Each nurse should have at least one characteristic that sets them apart from any other health professionals. Therefore, I feel that it is pertinent to express that nursing is a very important factor in the health profession. Berman & Synder (2012) believe the work of American nurse theorists reflects a wide range of ideas about people, the world, health and nursing† (p.41). Many nursing theorists have created concepts or metaparadigms for what i believe is to help guide future nurses in the right direction. My Nursing Philosophy is similar to that of well-known theorist I mentioned earlier, on the basis of using individual, environment, health, and nursing as a guideline to achieve the ultimate goals of nursing. As nurses it is most important that we know that each individual is unique to his or her own needs and desires. References Berman, A., & Snyder, S. (2011). Kozier & Erb’s fundamentals of nursing, concepts, process, and practice. (9 ed., p.41-299). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall Chou, M., & Lee, L. (2007). Initial Formation of Nursing Philosophies Following Fundamental Clinical Practice: The Experience of Male Nursing Students. Journal Of Nursing Research (Taiwan Nurses Association), 15(2), 127-136. Lachman, V. D. (2012). Applying the Ethics of Care to Your Nursing Practice. MEDSURG Nursing, 21(2), 112-116 Selanders, L. C., & Crane, P. C. (2012). The Voice of Florence Nightingale on Advocacy. Online Journal Of Issues In Nursing, 17(1), 1. doi:10.3912/OJIN.Vol17No01Man01 Weintraub, P. (2012). HOW TO GROW UP. Psychology Today, 45(3), 78-85.

The biological causes of borderline personality disorder Essays

The biological causes of borderline personality disorder Essays The biological causes of borderline personality disorder Paper The biological causes of borderline personality disorder Paper Browsing from books, journals and online sources, one will have to realize that there is actually a general consensus among experts that there no single cause of borderline personality. Although there are enumerated risk factors in their researches and discussions, there has been none of them that explicitly say that environmental, genetic, psychological or biological factors have caused such disorder. What is clear so far is that â€Å"no single factor explains its development† (Paris, Joel). This writer however finds it important to closely look into the biological risk factors or causes of Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD). It is to be stressed that although the discussion of this paper is focused on the biological side of the topic, it still holds that such causes work in connection with the other risk factors and causes as mentioned above rather than considering biological causes are single factor to be considered. The Mayo Clinic described BPD as a 1â€Å"mental condition that is often devastating for both the patient and the people around him.†Ã‚   This is because of the fact that it is generally characterized by the patient’s difficulty of regulating his emotions or moods and is often impulsive. They also have the tendencies of being depressed as they often see themselves as worthless and damaged. These could have been the very reason why persons with BPD are often misunderstood by the public. As been stressed in one article, persons with BPD are torn between two self-images: â€Å"either as all good or all bad† (Insight Journal Online Magazine, 2007). In America there are about 1-2 percent of its adult population who are suffering from the disorder. Mayo Clinic also reported that the occurrence of the disease in about 1 in every 33 women and one in every 100 men (The Mayo Clinic Online). Around 50% of researches on Borderline Personality Disorder that point to genetic abnormalities are one of its causes (Friedel, Robert O.). Friedel also cited some researches that accounts to the disease as occurring with related disorders such as bipolar disorder, depression and substance use disorders. For Paris, biological causes of BPD â€Å"consist of inborn temperamental abnormalities† (Paris, Joel 2005). Because temperamental abnormalities have something to do with emotions, the disorder has been linked with the human brain. Researchers suggest that there are certain areas in the brain, those areas that regulate emotion, impulsivity and aggression, have undergone or undergoing some changes. Such changes, according to 1Mayo Clinic are â€Å"associated with the decrease serotonin activity in the brain.†

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buy custom Leadership Skills essay The term leadership can be defined as process of social influence where a person enlists the aid and support of others to accomplish a common task or objective. Leadership can also be defined as the art of motivating a group of people to act towards achieving a common objective. Good leadership requires several attributes that are essential for one to become an effective leader such as integrity, honesty, ability to communicate effectively, and courage among others (Owen, 2007). Leadership as an element of social interaction is a complex activity involving the process of influencing both actors that is the leaders and the followers that has a wide range of possible outcomes for example achievements of goals, motivating the commitment of individuals to such goals, while enhancing group cohesion and reinforcing change within the organization to form lasting organizational cultures. Effective leadership is based on ideas which cannot happen unless those ideas are communicated to the followers in way that engages them. Good leaders are made through a series of process that involve application of skills and knowledge of a leader, through extensive research, study and practices .Leadership involves communicating, inspiring and supervising of the followers by the leader. According to Blake Mouton (1999) leadership requires one to have a set of principles for example being technically proficient, understanding oneself and seeking self improvement, ability to make sound and timely decisions, leading by example, understanding your job and having solid familiarity with your employees tasks among others. The success of a leader can be enabled by application of their knowledge and skills however their personal traits and attributes contribute greatly to their success for example positive beliefs, values, ethics and character are important determinants of ones success. For one to be termed as an effective leader some qualities are important to achieve success in these undertakings. The ability to communicat effectively is paramount in the success of a leader. Effective communication helps promote better human relations and interpersonal skills (Owen, 2007). As a leader one should be able to communicate the goals and objectives of the organization to the followers and thus making it possible to work toward a common goal and also win their trust and confidence. A leader should be able to motivate the followers. This can be achieved by exemplary leading, being a good listener to the views of the subjects in the context of an organization, and should be able to note and complement good work by others so as to motivate them to work harder .For example giving promotions to employees who produce impressive results. Churchill of Britain is hailed for his motivation as a leader and statesman due to his ability to inspire and motivate his people in the opening days of the war (Caroselli, 2000). Integrity is an important trait of an effective leader. Integrity gives one a higher moral standing as one is honest and has a sense of strong internal guidelines. A leader who encourages transparency, leads by example is bound to be successful in their role for they are able to win the respect and cooperation of the followers thus able to achieve their objectives. Being a professional in ones undertakings as a leader would also make one an effective leader. This entails being loyal to your followers, performing selfless services, having good character traits, commitment, integrity and courage among others are important traits in ensuring effective leadership. This helps create confidence in the followers and thus are able to follow the lead of the leader (Victor Philip, 2004). The above attributes of effective leadership help leader to attain the trust and confidence of their subjects. They promote employer and employee satisfaction within organizations. It also helps employees understand the overall business strategy, helping them to contribute effectiively to achieve the corporations objectives and thus acquiring overall success. The ability of a leader to communicate effectively, motivate his/her followers, practice integrity, and act professionally in conducting their roles not only gives then a competitive edge in their work but also earns the respect of the followers and thus are able to motivate them to work towards a common goal. Having learnt that leaders are made, one realizes that it is possible to acquire and develop effective leadership skills through learning effective communication skills and practicing to be an effective communicator so as to be able to be an effective leader. Virtues like integrity selflessness, honesty should be natured so as to train one to be an effective leader .The ability of one to lead by example is of paramount importance as one is able to achieve the respect and cooperation of the followers (Victor Philip, 2004). Understanding the whole concept of leadership is also vital in acquiring and developing effective leadership skills. The understanding that leadership is service to humanity which only succeeds through winning the cooperation of the followers and thus should be engaging and governed by mutual respect is vital to becoming an effective leader (Adair, 1998). Important effective leadership principles should be acquired and developed such as having the dream of leaving the world a better place than one found it, desire to achieve excellence, upholding ethics ,being persistent, understanding ones strengths and improving on them, would ensure success in developing leadership skills. In conclusion, leadership is a broad concept that requires any aspiring leader to work on their personal attributes and also improve on their knowledge and skills in order to be successful. (Zaccaro Banks, 2001). However we realize that leadership cannot be effective if it fails to win the respect of the followers thus leader should strive to win this trust of their subjects. Buy custom Leadership Skills essay

EVOLUTION OF THE PROBLEM Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

EVOLUTION OF THE PROBLEM - Case Study Example However, studies show that the percentage of Americans covered under such Insurance has declined significantly in three years, and it hit a new low with only 44.5 per cent of people covered by under this scheme (USNews, 2011). Thus, due to a steady decline in employment (Bloomberg, 2011), along with various other factors the number of people covered under health insurance has declined simultaneously, rendering access to healthcare limited to a certain section of population. Furthermore, health care costs have risen considerably over the years. Such rise in healthcare costs can be attributed to several factors such as technological developments, rise in cost of prescription drugs, rise in chronic illnesses, ageing of the population, rise in administrative costs, rise in charges by healthcare providers, inflation etc. The healthcare costs in the U.S. have currently exceeded 17% of the total GDP and continue to rise (HBR, 2011). One of the major causes of such a rise is the rise in tech nological developments, which has significantly increased the odds of treating long-term chronic illnesses. Furthermore, the cost of setting up new and advanced technological tools for treatment is relatively higher than the conventional methods of ailing (FDA, 2003). Also, there has been a drastic rise in the costs of prescription drugs, thus pushing the healthcare costs further. According to reports chronic illnesses such as obesity and diabetes is causing a serious upward shift in the cost of branded and prescription drugs in the U.S. Furthermore, other factors such as the rise in ageing population, increase in drug use and increase in reliance on new branded and specialty drugs are also responsible for driving the costs of healthcare services, thus making it inaccessible to a large percentage of population (AMA, 2011). Another significant problem faced with regard to access to healthcare is the differential access to healthcare services, especially as it pertains to a certain se ction of the population. This includes, the minority communities such as people belonging to culturally and ethnically diverse backgrounds, as well as expats. The key causes of such racial disparity in healthcare delivery include: difference in economic backgrounds, difference in health status, and access to healthcare insurance etc. According to Wang (2006) there are significant differences in health status of minority communities and the white population. Studies have shown that Blacks have a shorter life expectancy and higher infant mortality rates as compared to Whites. Furthermore factors such as racial stereotyping, prejudice, and clinical uncertainty on the part of care givers also account to health disparities among the minority communities. Strategies to overcome the problems: In order to curtail the rising number of uninsured and underinsured individuals, healthcare organizations can develop adaptive strategies; seek increased federal funding; or development of a nation-wi de health insurance program, which may lend credible support to the

Maritime Economics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Maritime Economics - Essay Example Maritime economics refers to the business of shipping which is considered to be quite intriguing. The shipping industry which marked its commencement with the transportation of cargoes has been witnessing increased significance owing to the related advantages and prospects in the field of international development (Cullinane, 2011). Shipping is considered to be a service based industry that is believed to grant the sustenance with regard to the global trade. The subject of maritime economics is believed to have developed and grown based on the study that is supposed to relate to the past record of shipping, for instance contractual understanding relating to shipping as well as trade (Talley, 2012). Performance evaluation indicators are considered to be essential in order to gauge the operating competence with regard to the shipping industry. It is regarded as essential to draw attention to the condition related to operation performance with the intention of further enhancing the performance. There has been stated to remain available numerous kinds of indicators for the reason of using them for assessing the results attained by the shipping companies or the seaports. The prevailing indicators are believed to be of great use owing to their easy computability with the help of the accessible information. The application of the indicators would enable the evaluation of the performance of a particular shipping company and ascertain the degree of contentment of the obtained results. The performance indicators is learnt to gauge the performance of the shipping companies in sectors like tanker, offshore, container, dry bulk and other miscellaneous sectors (Trujillo & et. al., 1999). It needs to be mentioned in this regard that the indicators related to performance measurement is not regarded as structured, comprehensive or constant. The indicators that are used to gauge the performance of the shipping companies is done with the